
Coinbase and mortgage lender Better Home & Finance have announced a new product that lets prospective buyers use Bitcoin or USDC as collateral on a Fannie Mae-backed mortgage, without ever having to liquidate their holdings. It is, by most measures, the clearest sign yet that digital assets are finding their way into the mainstream and will be used as the machinery of American homeownership.
How It Will Work
Borrowers transfer their digital assets from Coinbase into a custody wallet held by Better, retaining legal ownership of the crypto throughout the life of the loan. The collateral sits there as a pledge, not a payment. For holders of USDC, Circle's dollar-pegged stablecoin, the arrangement even lets them keep earning yield on their holdings while those same assets secure the mortgage.
The rate premium is real, though. Borrowers should expect to pay 0.5 to 1.5 percentage points above a standard 30-year fixed loan, depending on their overall profile. Whether that spread feels worth it depends largely on how much a borrower values not triggering a taxable event by selling appreciated crypto positions. For long-term Bitcoin holders sitting on significant gains, the math can work out in their favor.
One of the more notable design choices here is the absence of margin calls. In most crypto lending products, a sharp price drop can trigger forced liquidation of collateral. This product is built differently. If Bitcoin falls 40% in a month, the terms of the mortgage do not change and no additional collateral is required. Liquidation risk only enters the picture after a 60-day payment delinquency, putting the structure firmly in line with how conventional mortgages work rather than how crypto lending typically operates. This matters a great deal for borrowers who have been burned by or are skeptical of DeFi-style collateral arrangements.
How Did We Get Here?
In June 2025, Federal Housing Finance Agency Director Bill Pulte issued a directive ordering Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac to prepare proposals for counting cryptocurrency as an asset in mortgage risk assessments, without requiring borrowers to first convert those holdings into dollars. The directive was framed explicitly around President Trump's stated goal of making the U.S. the crypto capital of the world. Pulte's letter specified that only crypto held on U.S.-regulated centralized exchanges would qualify, and he called for risk mitigants including valuation adjustments to account for volatility.
Until now, Fannie and Freddie's guidelines required that any cryptocurrency a borrower wanted to use for a down payment, closing costs, or reserves had to be liquidated into U.S. dollars first. The Coinbase-Better announcement marks the first time that framework has been operationalized into an actual product backed by Fannie Mae. Whether lenders across the broader market follow suit remains to be seen, as industry experts have cautioned that adoption will be gradual. Individual lenders may impose their own overlays, and aggregators who purchase loans will need to get comfortable with the structure before it becomes truly mainstream.
Coinbase and Better are not alone in seeing opportunity here. Newrez, one of the largest mortgage servicers in the country with roughly $778 billion in assets under management, announced late last year that it was assessing Bitcoin and Ethereum for mortgage qualification purposes. Bob Johnson, head of originations at Newrez, described the FHFA directive as a meaningful signal from Washington that the capital markets infrastructure underpinning a significant share of U.S. mortgage origination is open for change.
Bitcoin ETFs have surpassed $100 billion in assets under management since receiving SEC approval in early 2024, and a growing cohort of American households hold meaningful digital asset positions. For those buyers, particularly younger, crypto-native professionals who have built wealth in digital rather than traditional asset classes, the old requirement to sell before buying a home was a genuine friction point. This product is a direct answer to that segment.
Questions Sill Remain
Not everyone is convinced the move is without risk to the broader housing system. A group of Democratic senators wrote to Director Pulte last July raising concerns about attaching a notoriously volatile asset class to one of the most systemically important markets in the U.S. economy. The letter questioned the transparency of the decision-making process and asked for details on how downside risks would be managed. Those concerns have not disappeared just because a product has launched.
Experts in the mortgage industry have echoed a degree of caution. Some analysts expect lenders to apply heavy discounts to crypto valuations for qualifying purposes, potentially treating holdings at 10% or less of market value, and to require that assets be seasoned on regulated exchanges for a defined period. The operational side of verifying, valuing, and monitoring digital assets in a mortgage context is still being developed, and few lenders have the infrastructure in place today to do it at scale.
Whatever the short-term practical limitations, the symbolic weight of Fannie Mae's involvement should not be understated. The government-sponsored enterprise, which has been under federal conservatorship since 2008 and underpins a substantial portion of American mortgage finance, is now part of a product that treats Bitcoin and USDC as legitimate collateral.
The irony here is hard to ignore. The 2008 financial collapse, driven largely by reckless mortgage-backed securities dealings, was the very event that inspired Satoshi Nakamoto to write the Bitcoin whitepaper. That invention, born as a rejection of and answer to the broken banking system, will now be used to back the same financial instrument that helped trigger the crisis. Life, as they say, comes full circle.

Franklin Templeton, one of the largest asset managers on the planet, has formally partnered with Ondo Finance to bring tokenized versions of its exchange-traded funds to blockchain networks, allowing investors to hold and trade exposure to traditional financial products directly through crypto wallets, at any hour of the day or night. The announcement, made Wednesday, marks a meaningful escalation in the firm's already aggressive push into digital asset infrastructure.
Under the arrangement, Ondo will purchase shares of five Franklin Templeton ETFs, including FFOG, FLQL, FDGL, FLHY, and INCE, then issue blockchain-based tokens through a special purpose vehicle. Those tokens pass along the economic exposure, so holders receive the return stream of the underlying fund but do not technically own the underlying shares directly. Liquidity will be supported by Ondo's network of market makers, including during windows when traditional exchanges are closed.
The platform powering this is Ondo Global Markets, which launched in September 2025 and has already reported more than $620 million in total value locked and north of $12 billion in cumulative trading volume across roughly 60,000 users. That kind of traction, relatively early in its life, helps explain why Franklin Templeton was willing to put its name on this deal.
Sandy Kaul, Franklin Templeton's head of innovation, framed the initial ETF lineup in straightforward terms: the chosen funds offer a broad mix of exposures and a useful test case to see what actually resonates with a new audience. The products will initially be available in Europe, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, and Latin America. U.S. availability, the firm said, hinges on further regulatory clarity around how third parties can distribute registered funds on-chain.
Making Moves
For those tracking Franklin Templeton's blockchain strategy, this is less a sudden pivot and more the next logical chapter. The firm launched its Benji Technology Platform back in 2021 and with it the first U.S.-registered money market fund to run on a public blockchain, the Franklin OnChain U.S. Government Money Fund. That fund has since grown to $557 million in assets as of February 2026, not a trivial number for a product built on infrastructure that most institutional investors were still treating with skepticism just a few years ago.
Kaul also made waves at the Ondo Summit in New York in February, where she argued that the next evolution of asset management would be what she called "wallet-native": a world where stocks, bonds, private funds, and more are all held and managed through tokenized digital wallets rather than fragmented across brokerage accounts, banks, and paper records. The Franklin Templeton-Ondo partnership is a direct expression of that vision, and it is now live.
The Race Is On
Franklin Templeton is not operating in a vacuum. BlackRock's BUIDL fund has surpassed $2 billion in assets under management. JPMorgan rolled out its My OnChain Net Yield Fund on Ethereum late last year, crossing $100 million in short order. WisdomTree and Fidelity have both signaled similar intentions. And just this week, the New York Stock Exchange announced a partnership with Securitize to enable tokenized securities trading on its platform. The momentum is real and it is accelerating.
For Ondo, landing Franklin Templeton as a partner is a significant credibility stamp. The firm's ONDO token carries a market cap above $1.2 billion, and the broader real-world asset tokenization market has grown to over $15 billion in total assets according to RWA data, up sharply over the past year. The question now is whether tokenized fund structures can attract meaningful adoption beyond the crypto-native crowd that already lives in wallets.
What This All Means
None of this is without complication. Tokenized ETFs do not immunize investors from market volatility. Bitcoin hit an all-time high near $126,000 in October 2025 and was trading around $70,500 by late March 2026. Easy access to assets at any hour cuts both ways. Regulatory uncertainty in the U.S. remains a genuine constraint, with questions around compliance, investor identification, and how registered funds interact with decentralized infrastructure still unsettled.
Franklin Templeton has also partnered with Binance to allow tokenized fund shares to serve as collateral for institutional trades, which introduces new connections between regulated finance and crypto exchange infrastructure. That might be efficient under normal conditions, but critics will rightly note that interconnected systems have a history of amplifying stress in bad times. The 2022 crypto collapse left lessons that the industry has not fully metabolized.
Still, when a firm managing $1.7 trillion commits to blockchain as a primary distribution channel rather than a side experiment, competitors pay attention. The walls between traditional finance and crypto markets are getting thinner fast, and the Franklin Templeton-Ondo deal may end up being one of the more consequential ones to watch as this story unfolds.

Something shifted in Washington on Friday, and the people who have been watching the CLARITY Act back and forth for months could feel it. Two key lawmakers, Republican Thom Tillis of North Carolina and Democrat Angela Alsobrooks of Maryland, reached an agreement in principle on one of the most stubbornly contested provisions in the bill: stablecoin yield. It is the kind of deal that, when the details finally shake out, may well be remembered as the moment the United States stopped kicking the crypto regulatory can down the road.
The news broke late Friday and was first reported by Politico. Senator Alsobrooks confirmed it plainly. "Sen. Tillis and I do have an agreement in principle," she said. "We've come a long way. And I think what it will do is to allow us to protect innovation, but also gives us the opportunity to prevent widespread deposit flight." The White House's crypto executive director, Patrick Witt, called it a "major milestone" and added that more work remains, but that progress toward passing the CLARITY Act was now real and tangible.
Senator Cynthia Lummis, the Wyoming Republican who chairs the Senate Banking Committee's crypto subcommittee and has been one of the most tireless advocates for this legislation, marked the occasion in her own way. She posted a photo on X of a "yield" sign. No caption needed.
For months, the stablecoin yield question was the immovable object blocking the CLARITY Act from getting its Senate Banking Committee hearing.
The GENIUS Act, signed into law by President Trump in July 2025, prohibits stablecoin issuers from paying interest directly to holders. The intent was to prevent stablecoins from functioning as de facto bank deposit accounts, which would put them in direct competition with traditional savings products and, as the American Bankers Association argued loudly, threaten deposit flows into community banks. The concern: if Coinbase or another platform could offer users 4% on their dollar-pegged tokens simply for holding them, why would anyone keep money in a checking account?
The problem is that the GENIUS Act only covered issuers. It left a gap for third-party platforms that might offer rewards to customers who hold stablecoins on their systems. The ABA saw this as a loophole and spent months in Washington lobbying to close it. Crypto companies, for their part, said those rewards programs were fundamentally different from deposit interest and should be allowed.
Section 404 of the Senate Banking Committee's draft tried to thread this needle. It prohibits digital asset service providers from paying interest or yield "solely in connection with the holding of a payment stablecoin," while explicitly allowing "activity-based" rewards tied to transactions, payments, platform use, loyalty programs, liquidity provision, and other behaviors. The distinction is real: a reward for moving money through a system is not the same thing as interest paid for parking money in one.
Senator Mike Rounds, a South Dakota Republican on the Banking Committee, captured the nuance at an ABA summit earlier this month: rewards cannot be simply about how much money sits in an account, but they might reasonably be tied to how active that account is. "We're trying to reflect that in the discussions," he said.
Lummis had suggested the final compromise would disallow anything that "sounds like banking product terminology" and bar rewards tied to the size of a user's balance. Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong, whose withdrawal of support in January helped torpedo a scheduled markup hearing, has been described by Lummis as "really pretty good about being willing to give on this issue."
The past week has been a rapid acceleration. As recently as Thursday, sources familiar with the situation described the stablecoin yield issue as being on the verge of resolution. A closed Senate Republican meeting on Wednesday, attended by White House crypto council director Patrick Witt, produced what Lummis told reporters afterward were significant breakthroughs, with "major light bulbs" switched on among the participants.
FinTech Weekly, which has closely tracked the legislative calendar, reported that stablecoin yield negotiations were "99% of the way to resolution" coming out of that meeting. The digital asset provisions of the bill more broadly were described as being in a "good place." The remaining friction, sources said, was not technical but political, specifically around whether community bank deregulation provisions might be attached to the CLARITY Act as part of a broader legislative trade.
Then came Friday's agreement. "We've come a long way," Alsobrooks told Politico, with a formality that understated just how much ground has been covered since January, when the scheduled markup hearing collapsed under the weight of over 100 proposed amendments and an industry revolt over the yield language.
An agreement on yield does not mean the CLARITY Act is done. Several other issues need resolution, decentralized finance remains a live debate, and the bill still needs to clear the Senate Banking Committee before it can go to a full Senate vote. After that, it must be reconciled with the version that passed the Senate Agriculture Committee in January. And before the President can sign it, that combined Senate text has to be reconciled with the House-passed version from July 2025.
But the clock is ticking here. Senate Majority Leader John Thune controls the floor calendar, and it is crowded. Unrelated fights, including the Republican voter-ID bill and ongoing debate over the situation in Iran, are competing for limited floor time. Haun Ventures CEO Katie Haun, in a CNBC interview Friday, put it directly: "The big question on the Clarity Act is, is Congress going to get a bill to the floor on time to vote?"
Lummis has said she expects a Banking Committee hearing in the latter half of April, after the Easter recess. Advocates have been hoping for a May resolution. Prediction markets are currently pricing the odds of the CLARITY Act being signed in 2026 at around 72%, according to FinTech Weekly. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has described passage as a spring 2026 target. Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse has put the odds at 80 to 90%.
JPMorgan analysts have described CLARITY Act passage by midyear as a positive catalyst for digital assets, pointing to regulatory clarity, institutional scaling, and tokenization growth as the key drivers. The crypto industry committed nearly $150 million to the Fairshake political action committee in the current cycle and announced a $193 million war chest around the Agriculture Committee markup in January. The companies behind that spending are waiting.
What This All Means
The stakes of the CLARITY Act extend well beyond Senate procedure. Markets are waiting. Institutions that have been slowly building out crypto infrastructure, custody solutions, tokenized asset offerings, trading desks, need to know what the rules are before they can fully commit capital and resources. The SEC's interpretation helps, but as Atkins himself acknowledged, it is not a substitute for law.
The CLARITY Act, if signed, would give the CFTC clear jurisdiction over most digital asset spot markets, create a path to register exchanges and brokers, establish consumer protections with real enforcement teeth, and provide the kind of statutory framework that companies can build businesses around. It would, in the language of its Senate Banking Committee sponsors, establish the United States as the crypto capital of the world, not just by rhetoric but by law.
If the bill fails this year, the status quo continues. Crypto companies operate under regulatory uncertainty. The SEC retains broad discretion to treat digital assets as securities. Institutional adoption continues but without a clear statutory framework. And the crypto lobby, which has made clear it will treat failure as a political liability, turns its $193 million war chest into something that looks a lot more like electoral pressure.
Friday's agreement does not guarantee passage. It does something important though. It removes the single biggest substantive obstacle to moving forward. The stablecoin yield question, which derailed a January markup hearing and has consumed months of negotiations, now has a resolution in principle. The path ahead still has obstacles, but for the first time in a while, it looks like an actual path.
Senators Tillis and Alsobrooks just handed the crypto industry something it has been asking for since the last bull market: a credible signal that Washington is finally going to do its job. The deal is in principle, the details are not yet public, and there is still legislative work ahead. But after years of false starts, shelved bills, collapsed markup hearings, and agency standoffs, this is the moment the trajectory changed.

The Algorand Foundation, the organization behind the Algorand layer-1 blockchain network, announced on Wednesday that it is laying off 25% of its staff.
The foundation described the decision as “difficult” and attributed it to the downturn in the crypto market. “This decision was not taken lightly and is in response to the uncertain global macro environment as well as the broader downturn in crypto markets,” it said.
Describing the affected employees as “best-in-class contributors,” the foundation said it would support them through the transition. Following the layoffs, the foundation believes it is now more closely aligned with its long-term business, technology, and ecosystem goals.
Founded in 2019 by MIT professor and Turing Award winner Silvio Micali, the Algorand Foundation is responsible for guiding, funding, and growing the Algorand blockchain ecosystem.
The aim of the foundation is to make real-world adoption of blockchain technology easier, and to build an open and accessible system where digital assets can be transferred instantly and securely. The foundation is often described as building infrastructure for the future of finance and the broader digital economy.
The Algorand Foundation offers a diverse suite of blockchain-related products that serve both end users and developers in the crypto space. Some of its products include:
While the crypto industry is known for offering some of the highest-paid and most sought-after jobs, it has recently experienced a wave of layoffs, with many companies re-pivoting and restructuring due to changing market conditions.
Just last month, Block Inc., the company behind Square, Cash App, and Afterpay, cut approximately 40% of its workforce, laying off about 4,000 employees. The layoffs were part of a broader restructuring and a shift toward artificial intelligence (AI).
More recently, this month, the crypto exchange Crypto.com laid off around 20% of its staff as part of a strategic shift toward AI-focused operations. Web3 infrastructure company Eclipse Labs also laid off about 65% of its workforce during a major restructuring in August.

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on Wednesday approved Nasdaq’s proposal to launch a pilot program for tokenized stock trading.
The proposal, first filed in September 2025, sought SEC approval to allow trading of both traditional and tokenized versions of high-volume stocks on the Nasdaq exchange. With the program now approved, traders will be able to trade both traditional stocks and their tokenized counterparts on the Nasdaq.
These tokenized stocks, according to the approval filing, will trade on the same order book at the same price, under the same ticker, with the same identifying number and rights as their traditional counterparts.
The pilot program will not be open to everyone. According to the SEC approval filing, participation will be limited to eligible participants. While Nasdaq has not disclosed the criteria, participants are likely to include Nasdaq-approved broker-dealers and firms approved by the Depository Trust Company (DTC).
It is also important to note that these tokenized stocks will be limited to securities in the Russell 1000 index, which tracks the 1,000 largest publicly traded companies in the United States, as well as exchange-traded funds that track the S&P 500 and Nasdaq-100 indices.
The tokenized stocks and equities market has experienced a remarkable surge over the past few months, growing from around $32 million at the start of 2025 to $963 million by January 2026, an increase of approximately 3,000%.
This growth has been attributed to the wider accessibility and faster settlement times offered by tokenized stocks compared with their traditional counterparts.
A wave of large fintech and crypto companies has also entered the tokenized equity market. In 2024, the cryptocurrency exchange Robinhood built a custom layer-2 blockchain for tokenization and began offering tokenized U.S. stocks to European users the following year.
Other cryptocurrency exchanges, including Kraken, Gemini, and eToro, have also begun offering tokenized U.S. stocks across multiple blockchains, such as Solana, BNB Chain, Arbitrum, and Ethereum. Most recently, Kraken, in partnership with Backed Finance, launched xChange, an on-chain trading engine for tokenized equities.
With the rapid attention and growth the tokenized equities market has seen, its market capitalization is projected by multiple research reports to reach trillions of dollars in the coming years.

Senator Cynthia Lummis, the Wyoming Republican who chairs the Senate Banking Committee's digital assets subcommittee and has spent the better part of two years shepherding the crypto industry's most ambitious legislative goal, walked into the Digital Chamber's DC Blockchain Summit and told a packed room what a lot of people in the industry had stopped expecting to hear.
"We think we've got it," she said. "We really are going to get it out of the banking committee in April."
That's a bigger deal than it might sound. The Digital Asset Market Clarity Act, the comprehensive crypto framework that cleared the House in a 294-134 bipartisan vote back in July 2025, has been grinding through Senate committees ever since, chewing through months of negotiations, a January markup that collapsed hours before it was scheduled to begin, and a dispute over stablecoin yield that managed to put banking lobbyists, crypto firms, and Democratic senators all at odds simultaneously. For a while, it looked like the whole thing might just quietly die before the 2026 midterms swallowed the calendar.
Apparently not, if Lummis is certain on the new deal being made.
The Stablecoin Yield Fight, Explained
To understand how we got here, it helps to understand the fight that almost killed this bill. After the House passed its version, the Senate Banking Committee got to work on its own draft. In January 2026, committee staff released a 278-page bill that took a firm stance: digital asset service providers could not offer interest or yield to users simply for holding stablecoin balances, though rewards or activity-linked incentives were still on the table.
Banking groups hated the carve-out. The American Bankers Association lobbied hard against any yield provision, arguing that if crypto platforms could pay customers to hold stablecoins, those customers might pull deposits from community banks. Coinbase, meanwhile, had built a profitable stablecoin rewards program and wasn't eager to see it legislated away. Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong reportedly signaled opposition to an early compromise attempt, and within hours of the January 14 scheduled markup, committee leadership postponed it indefinitely.
That delay rattled markets, contributed to what analysts at CoinShares estimated as nearly $1 billion in crypto market outflows, and sent lobbyists back to their whiteboards.
The White House held at least three separate meetings over the following weeks to try to broker a deal. And now, Lummis says, a compromise has landed. Crypto platforms will not be able to offer rewards programs using language that sounds like banking products, whether that means using terms like "yield," "interest," or anything that ties payouts to how much a user holds rather than what they do.
"Anything that sounds like banking product terminology will not appear," Lummis said. She added that Armstrong had been "really pretty good about being willing to give on this issue," a notable shift from his earlier posture.
Senator Bernie Moreno, a Republican on the committee, confirmed the trajectory in a video statement at the same event, saying Senators Angela Alsobrooks, a Democrat, and Thom Tillis, a Republican, are in the final stages of the stablecoin talks alongside the White House. "Once they all sign off," Moreno said, it's "go time."
DeFi Disputes Quietly Shelved
DeFi was the other thing that kept lobbyists up at night. Decentralized finance protocols, which allow users to lend, borrow, and trade digital assets without going through a traditional intermediary, sit in a legal grey zone that both Democrats and Republicans approached with very different instincts.
Democrats wanted oversight that was on par with federally regulated financial firms. The crypto industry, somewhat predictably, wanted software developers and peer-to-peer activity protected from being treated as financial intermediaries. The House version of the bill had already tried to thread this needle by drawing a line between control and code: developers who publish or maintain software without directly handling customer funds would not be classified as financial intermediaries. Centralized entities that interact with DeFi protocols would face tailored requirements.
According to Lummis, those DeFi disagreements have been "put to bed." She didn't go into detail, but Senate Banking Committee materials describe the bill's approach as targeting control rather than code, and requiring risk management and cybersecurity standards for centralized intermediaries that touch DeFi, while leaving non-custodial software development out of scope.
The Ethics Problem Won't Go Away
Not everything is resolved. Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, a New York Democrat who has been one of Lummis's most consistent bipartisan partners on crypto legislation over the years, made clear at the same summit that there is still a major outstanding demand from her caucus.
Democrats want the bill to include an explicit ban on senior government officials personally profiting from the crypto industry. The reasoning for this is not very subtle, especially in heated partisanship of Washington these days: President Donald Trump and his family are tied to World Liberty Financial, a crypto platform that launched a stablecoin last year, and Trump's crypto-linked ventures have given Democrats a consistent line of attack.
"It's very important that we include this," Gillibrand said on Wednesday, adding that no government official in Congress or the White House should "get rich off their position and their knowledge base." Including such a restriction, she argued, would "unlock many more votes" from Democrats.
Lummis has previously said she took a compromise ethics provision to the White House and was rebuffed. Trump administration officials have repeatedly stated that the president's family's participation in digital asset businesses does not represent an inappropriate conflict of interests. The practical read from lobbyists: Republicans are unlikely to pass language that targets the leader of their own party.
The House bill, for its part, does include language specifying that existing ethics statutes already bar members of Congress and senior executive branch officials from issuing digital commodities during their time in public service. Whether that satisfies Democrats in the Senate is another matter.
Where the Bill Stands Procedurally
The legislative path from here still has a few moving parts. The Senate Agriculture Committee cleared its version of a crypto market structure bill, the Digital Commodity Intermediaries Act, in late January 2026. That bill covers the CFTC-related side of the regulatory picture, including commodity market oversight, exchange registration, and derivatives. It passed over the objections of Democratic members who tried and failed to push through a series of amendments.
The Senate Banking Committee bill, now expected to go through a markup in late April after the Easter recess, would handle the SEC-related provisions: investor protections, securities treatment of digital assets, and stablecoin regulation. Once it clears that committee, both Senate bills need to be reconciled and merged before heading to a full Senate floor vote. That combined version would then need to be aligned with the House-passed CLARITY Act before a single final bill could reach Trump's desk.
That's a lot of steps. Lummis, who announced in December that she will not seek re-election, seems acutely aware of the time pressure. "This may be our only chance to get market structure done," she posted on X on Wednesday. Moreno was even more pointed: "If we don't get the CLARITY Act passed by May, digital asset legislation will not pass for the foreseeable future."
The Senate's 2026 calendar is not working in the bill's favor. The midterm elections in November mean that floor time effectively closes for controversial legislation sometime around August, when lawmakers shift their attention to their races. A Senate majority that currently tilts Republican could flip to Democratic control after the vote, bringing new leadership to key committees and potentially shelving the bill for another cycle.
Making things more unpredictable, both parties are currently tangling over unrelated legislation and the U.S. involvement in the war in Iran, which threatens to consume floor time that crypto advocates would prefer to use for a market structure vote. Senate Majority Leader John Thune said as recently as last week that he did not expect the Banking Committee to pass the bill quickly. Whether that assessment holds is now up to the negotiators.
Prediction markets have priced the odds of the bill being signed into law in 2026 at around 72%, according to available data. JPMorgan analysts have described passage before midyear as a positive catalyst for digital assets, citing regulatory clarity, institutional scaling, and tokenization growth as key drivers. Ripple CEO Brad Garlinghouse has put his personal odds estimate even higher, at 80 to 90%.
Industry Money and Political Pressure
The stakes are reflected in the lobbying numbers. Total crypto industry lobbying expenditures topped $80 million in 2025. Fairshake, the industry's primary political action committee, had built a 2026 war chest of $193 million as of January, with Coinbase, Ripple, and Andreessen Horowitz each contributing $24 to $25 million in the second half of last year alone. The day before the Senate Agriculture Committee's January markup, Fairshake made that announcement public.
For all the money, the legislative process has been messier than the industry hoped. A bill that many expected to be done before year-end 2025 is now racing a midterm election clock, dependent on a handful of senators reaching agreement on provisions they've been arguing about for months, and navigating a Senate floor schedule that no one fully controls.
Lummis, for her part, sounded more confident than she has in months. "We're going to have this thing done, come hell or high water, before the end of the year," she told the crowd in Washington.
Whether the rest of the Senate, the White House, and the clock agree with her is the only question left.

Wells Fargo has filed a trademark application for "WFUSD" with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, covering a broad slate of cryptocurrency services.
The 'USD" within the filling leads to huge speculation about stablecoins as it follows the same naming convention used by Tether's USDT and Circle's USDC, the two more notable stablecoins account for the vast majority of the roughly $200 billion stablecoin market. Whether Wells Fargo is building toward a consumer-facing stablecoin product, an institutional settlement layer, or something else entirely, is not clear, and all just speculation.
The trademark was filed just months after President Trump signed the GENIUS Act into law in July 2025, the first comprehensive federal framework for payment stablecoins in U.S. history. The law opened a clear path for bank subsidiaries to issue dollar-pegged digital tokens under regulatory oversight, and Wells Fargo's trademark application reads like a bank that intends to walk through that door.
A Long History, A New Gear
Wells Fargo is not a newcomer to blockchain experimentation. Back in 2019, the bank unveiled Wells Fargo Digital Cash, a dollar-linked stablecoin built on R3's Corda blockchain designed to handle internal book transfers and cross-border settlements within its global network. The pilot worked. The bank successfully ran test transactions between its U.S. and Canadian accounts. But it stayed internal, never touching retail customers or external counterparties.
That earlier project had a narrow scope to try to reduce friction in the bank's own back-office transfers. The WFUSD trademark filing feels different. The scope covers cryptocurrency exchange services, digital asset transfers, payment processing, tokenization, blockchain transaction verification, and digital wallet services. That is not a description of an internal settlement tool. It is a description of a full-spectrum digital asset platform.
Wells Fargo's own research analysts had been tracking the stablecoin market closely well before the trademark filing surfaced. In a note published in May 2025, analysts led by Andrew Bauch wrote that stablecoin momentum had reached what they called "must-monitor levels," pointing to a 16% jump in total stablecoin market capitalization that year and a 43% rise over the prior twelve months. The report flagged payments companies including Mastercard, Visa, and PayPal as stocks with the most strategic exposure to the stablecoin wave. Whether those analysts knew about internal trademark discussions is unclear, but the research and the filing tell a consistent story about where the bank's thinking may have landed.
Wells Fargo is not acting alone. In May 2025, the Wall Street Journal reported that JPMorgan Chase, Bank of America, Citigroup, and Wells Fargo were in early discussions about building a jointly operated U.S. dollar stablecoin, with payment infrastructure providers including Zelle and The Clearing House also at the table. Sources familiar with the matter described the conversations as exploratory, but the ambition was clear: create a bank-backed digital dollar that would compete with the success of crypot-native products.
JPMorgan has the most developed track record in this space, having operated JPM Coin since 2019 as an internal settlement instrument for institutional clients. The bank has reportedly settled more than $200 billion in transactions through the system.
The GENIUS Act, which passed the Senate with a bipartisan vote of 68 to 30 and the House 308 to 122 before Trump signed it on July 18, 2025, created the regulatory framework that banks had been waiting for. Under the law, bank subsidiaries can issue payment stablecoins under the supervision of their primary federal banking regulator.
Issuers must maintain one-to-one reserves in highly liquid assets like Treasury bills, submit to regular audits, and comply with anti-money laundering and Bank Secrecy Act requirements. The law also gave stablecoin holders priority claims over other creditors in any insolvency proceeding, a significant consumer protection provision.
For a bank like Wells Fargo, that framework essentially legalizes and licenses what its trademark filing envisions. The FDIC has already approved a proposed rulemaking to implement the GENIUS Act's application procedures for supervised institutions seeking to issue stablecoins, moving the machinery toward full implementation by January 2027 as the law prescribes.
Competition or Collaboration with Crypto?
While the big four banks have been circling the stablecoin market, crypto-native firms have been circling the banking sector. Circle, the issuer of USDC, has been in discussions about obtaining a bank charter. Coinbase, BitGo, and Paxos are all reportedly pursuing various forms of banking licensure that would let them compete more directly with traditional institutions for deposits and payment volumes. And, most notably, Kraken just recentlly received a Federal Reserve master account, gaining direct access to the Federal Reserve's payment infrastructure.
That competitive dynamic is partly what has given the joint stablecoin exploration among the major banks its urgency. A dollar-denominated stablecoin backed by federally chartered banks would carry a different kind of institutional weight than products issued by crypto firms, regardless of how well those firms have managed their reserves.
Still, the incumbents face real headwinds. The GENIUS Act, while giving banks a clear path to issue stablecoins, also permits nonbank firms like fintechs and crypto companies to issue them under OCC oversight. Grant Thornton's national blockchain and digital assets practice leader, Markus Veith, noted after the law passed that banks could face serious competition from nonbank entities that don't carry the same regulatory burden or capital requirements. Stablecoins from USDT and USDC already saw their combined market share dip from 89% to under 84% over the past year as newer entrants gained traction.
What WFUSD Could Become
The trademark itself, of course, is not a product. Banks and large corporations file trademarks for concepts that never reach the market all the time, and a filing covering cryptocurrency services does not obligate Wells Fargo to ship a stablecoin by any particular date. The application does, however, reserve the commercial rights to the WFUSD brand across a spectrum of digital asset services, which is a form of strategic positioning that serious companies do when they intend to eventually use what they are protecting.
If Wells Fargo does build out WFUSD into a live product, the most likely initial form would be an institutional-grade settlement and payment layer, mirroring what Wells Fargo Digital Cash did internally but opening it to corporate clients and potentially other financial institutions. Cross-border payments represent the most obvious near-term use case. The market for global cross-border transactions was roughly $44 trillion in 2023 according to McKinsey estimates cited by the bank's own research team, and stablecoins offer demonstrably faster settlement, lower funding costs, and programmability through smart contracts compared to the correspondent banking infrastructure that currently handles most of that volume.
A consumer-facing version would require more work and more time. Wells Fargo analysts themselves noted in their May research note that everyday consumer adoption of stablecoins is likely still a decade away. But the infrastructure being built now, the trademarks being registered, the regulatory licenses being sought, the interoperability frameworks being designed, will determine who is positioned to serve that market when it arrives.
What Comes Next?
For Wells Fargo specifically, WFUSD represents the most concrete public signal of the bank's digital asset intentions to date.
Whether the bank ultimately issues WFUSD as a standalone product, folds it into a larger bank consortium stablecoin, or uses the trademark as a branding vehicle for a custody and trading platform remains to be seen. The competitive pressure from both crypto-native firms building toward bank charters and fellow Wall Street institutions building their own digital dollar products means the bank can't afford to stay in patent-pending limbo for too long.
The name was chosen carefully. When the fourth-largest bank in the United States puts its initials on a dollar-pegged ticker and files it with the federal government, it is placing a bet on where finance is going. The question now is how fast it gets there.

There was a surge in crypto withdrawals minutes after the U.S. and Israel launched targeted military airstrikes in Tehran, Iran’s capital, last Saturday.
In a recent post, London-based blockchain analytics company Elliptic gave a report on the aftermath of the airstrikes in Iran. Elliptic reported a significant increase in crypto withdrawals from Nobitex, Iran's largest cryptocurrency exchange.
According to the firm, outgoing transaction volume from Nobitex spiked by over 700% within minutes after the first airstrike hit Tehran on Saturday, with crypto outflows reaching nearly $3 million in a single hour that same day.
Image credit: elliptic.co
Further tracing these funds, Elliptic reported that most of the withdrawals were sent to foreign crypto exchanges, potentially indicating intense capital flight amid uncertainty in the region.
"Nobitex allows rials to be converted to cryptoassets, which can then be withdrawn to any external wallet…initial tracing of recent outflows from Nobitex suggests that the funds are being sent to overseas cryptoasset exchanges," Elliptic stated.
Although this outflow persisted for most of that day, it fell sharply afterward, an event attributed to the nation's widespread internet outage. Yes, there was a 99% decline in internet connectivity in the country.
However, contrary to the "capital flight" situation being reported by Elliptic, blockchain intelligence firm TRM Labs seems to hold a different view and cautions against drawing a "capital flight" conclusion.
"It appears that the country's crypto ecosystem is not showing signs of acceleration or capital flight, but instead is experiencing a downturn in both transactions and volume as the regime enforces strict internet blackouts," TRM Labs said.
Despite ongoing unrest, the Iranian cryptocurrency economy appears to be among the largest crypto markets in the world. In 2025, over $10 billion in volume was processed, with Nobitex processing over $5 billion.
Iranian crypto exchanges have had to deal with massive crypto outflows, the largest of which occurred on January 9 of this year, after the nationwide demonstrations in the country.
Image credit: elliptic.co
To adapt to changing events, cryptocurrency exchanges in the country have had to make operational adjustments and move to risk-containment modes.
Wallex, a domestic crypto exchange, suspended crypto withdrawals until further notice, citing infrastructure instability. Nobitex, Aban Tether, and Ramzinex, which are all Iranian-based cryptocurrency exchanges, have also had to suspend deposits and withdrawals.
However, despite these challenges, cryptocurrencies and digital assets have come to the rescue of many who have had to cope with the several economic sanctions plaguing the country.

The cryptocurrency industry crossed an important milestone this week after Kraken Financial secured access to a Federal Reserve master account. The approval allows the crypto company to connect directly to the U.S. central bank’s payment infrastructure, something that has historically been reserved for traditional banks.
For years, crypto firms have operated on the edges of the banking system, often relying on partner banks to move dollars between trading platforms and the broader financial network. Kraken’s approval changes that dynamic in a meaningful way. By gaining direct access to the Fed’s core payment rails, the company can settle transactions without depending on intermediaries.
While the decision does not give Kraken every privilege a commercial bank receives, it still marks one of the clearest signals yet that digital asset firms are beginning to integrate more deeply into the traditional financial system.
Kraken’s banking subsidiary, Kraken Financial, reportedly received approval for a Federal Reserve master account that allows the firm to participate directly in the U.S. central bank’s payment infrastructure. That includes systems such as Fedwire, which processes large value payments between financial institutions across the country.
The ability to connect directly to Fedwire is significant. It means Kraken can move dollars through the same infrastructure used by banks, rather than relying on external banking partners to process deposits, withdrawals, or settlements.
For crypto exchanges, this has long been a major operational hurdle. Most platforms depend on third party banks to handle dollar transactions, which introduces additional delays, costs, and risk if banking relationships change.
Direct access removes several of those obstacles.
A master account is essentially an institution’s primary account with the Federal Reserve. Banks use these accounts to settle payments with one another and to interact with the central bank’s financial infrastructure.
Institutions that hold master accounts can send and receive funds through the Federal Reserve’s payment networks. In practice, this allows them to move money across the financial system with high speed and reliability.
For traditional banks, this setup is standard. For crypto companies, it has historically been out of reach.
That gap has forced exchanges to rely on sponsor banks, which act as intermediaries between the crypto industry and the Federal Reserve’s systems.
Kraken’s approval suggests that the line separating digital asset firms from traditional financial institutions may be starting to blur.
Despite the milestone, Kraken’s access appears to be somewhat restricted compared with a typical bank’s relationship with the Federal Reserve.
Reports suggest the account functions as a limited or “skinny” master account. This type of account provides access to payment rails but does not necessarily include all the privileges commercial banks receive.
For example, Kraken would not be able to earn interest on reserves held at the Fed or access certain emergency lending facilities.
Still, the ability to connect directly to the payment system is what many crypto firms have been seeking. Even with limitations, the operational advantages are substantial.
The push for direct Federal Reserve connectivity has been building for several years.
Crypto companies have often struggled with inconsistent banking relationships. Some exchanges have seen partners abruptly end services during periods of regulatory pressure or market volatility.
These disruptions can cause delays in deposits and withdrawals, which frustrates users and creates liquidity challenges.
By securing a master account, a firm can remove much of that dependency on partner banks.
There are also practical benefits. Direct access can improve settlement speed, reduce transaction costs, and provide greater reliability when moving dollars between crypto markets and traditional finance.
Kraken has been positioning itself for this type of approval for years.
The company established Kraken Financial as a Wyoming chartered special purpose depository institution, a type of bank designed specifically for digital asset businesses. Wyoming created the SPDI framework to give crypto firms a regulated pathway into banking.
Unlike traditional banks, SPDIs are structured to hold customer deposits at full reserve while providing services tailored to digital assets.
Kraken’s banking subsidiary was among the earliest institutions to pursue this model, which helped place it in a stronger position to seek Federal Reserve access.
The company has also expanded its services well beyond basic crypto trading. Kraken now operates across multiple markets including derivatives, institutional trading, custody services, and tokenized assets.
That broader financial footprint likely helped support its case for deeper integration with the traditional financial system.
Kraken’s approval may open the door for other crypto companies to pursue the same path.
If additional firms gain access to Federal Reserve payment systems, the impact could extend across several areas of the crypto market.
Institutional trading could become more efficient as dollars move faster between exchanges and financial institutions.
Crypto platforms may also become more attractive to large investors who require reliable settlement infrastructure before committing capital.
There could also be broader competitive effects. Exchanges that secure direct payment access may gain operational advantages over those still dependent on partner banks.
In the long term, these developments could accelerate the merging of crypto infrastructure with traditional financial systems.
For much of its history, the crypto industry operated largely outside the traditional banking system.
Exchanges often struggled to maintain stable banking relationships, and many financial institutions were reluctant to engage directly with digital asset businesses.
Kraken’s new level of access suggests that the landscape may be changing.
Direct connectivity to the Federal Reserve’s payment infrastructure represents one of the clearest signs yet that cryptocurrency companies are moving closer to the core of the financial system.
Whether other firms follow Kraken’s path remains to be seen, but the precedent has now been set.


Washington has spent the past several months talking about crypto clarity. What it got this week was something closer to a standoff.
At the center of the latest White House meeting between crypto executives and banking lobbyists was a surprisingly narrow issue that has turned into a major fault line: stablecoin yield.
On paper, the CLARITY Act is supposed to settle jurisdictional turf wars between regulators and create a workable framework for digital assets in the United States. In practice, negotiations have slowed to a crawl over whether stablecoin holders should be allowed to earn rewards.
Crypto companies came to the table expecting to negotiate. Bank representatives arrived with something closer to a red line.
Stablecoin yield sounds simple. Platforms offer incentives, rewards, or returns to users who hold dollar-backed tokens. Sometimes that comes from lending activity. Sometimes it comes from promotional programs. Structurally, it does not always look like a bank deposit.
Banks are not buying that distinction.
From their perspective, if consumers can hold tokenized dollars and earn a return without stepping inside the banking system, that looks a lot like deposit competition. And not just competition, but competition without the same regulatory burden.
Banks operate under capital requirements, liquidity ratios, deposit insurance rules, stress testing frameworks, and layers of federal oversight. Stablecoin issuers, even under proposed legislation, would not be subject to the same regime.
So the banking lobby’s position has been blunt. No yield. Not from issuers, not indirectly through affiliated programs, not in ways that replicate interest-bearing accounts.
The crypto side sees that as overreach.
Publicly, banks frame their opposition as a financial stability issue. If large amounts of capital flow out of insured deposits and into stablecoins offering yield, that could shrink the deposit base that supports lending. In a stress scenario, they argue, the dynamic could amplify volatility.
There is logic there. Deposits are the backbone of bank balance sheets. Disintermediation is not a trivial concern.
But crypto executives are asking a quieter question. If the issue is really about safety, why push for a blanket prohibition rather than tighter guardrails? Why not cap yield structures, restrict how they are funded, or impose disclosure standards?
Why eliminate them entirely?
Some in the industry suspect the answer is competitive pressure. Stablecoins have already become critical plumbing for crypto markets, facilitating trading, settlement, and cross-border transfers. Add yield into the equation and they start to look even more like digital savings instruments.
That begins to encroach on traditional banking territory.
Banks have historically tolerated crypto in its speculative corners. Trading tokens is volatile, niche, and largely outside the core consumer banking relationship.
Stablecoins are different. They are dollar-denominated. They are increasingly integrated into payment systems. They can move across borders faster than traditional rails. And they are programmable.
Now imagine those same tokens offering yield, even modest incentives. The psychological shift for consumers could be meaningful. Why leave idle cash in a checking account earning almost nothing if a tokenized version offers some return and similar liquidity?
To bankers, that is not innovation. That is deposit leakage.
And in a higher rate environment, where funding costs matter, deposit competition becomes more acute.
The CLARITY Act was supposed to resolve long-running disputes between regulators and provide certainty for digital asset firms operating in the United States. Instead, stablecoin yield has turned into the sticking point holding up broader progress.
White House officials have reportedly pressed both sides to find compromise language. So far, that compromise remains elusive.
Crypto firms argue that banning yield outright could push innovation offshore. Jurisdictions in Asia and parts of Europe are moving ahead with stablecoin frameworks that do not automatically prohibit reward structures. The fear in Washington’s crypto circles is that overcorrection could hollow out domestic competitiveness.
Banking groups counter that allowing yield would create a parallel banking system without equivalent safeguards.
The tension is not just technical. It is philosophical.
At its core, this debate is about who gets to intermediate digital dollars.
If stablecoins become widely used and allowed to offer returns, they could evolve beyond trading tools into mainstream financial instruments. That challenges the traditional hierarchy where banks sit at the center of deposit-taking and credit creation.
Banks are not opposed to digital dollars in theory. Many are experimenting with tokenization and blockchain infrastructure themselves. But they want those innovations inside the regulated banking perimeter, not outside of it.
Crypto companies, on the other hand, see decentralization and alternative rails as the point.
So when banks push to ban stablecoin yield entirely, the crypto industry reads it as more than prudence. It looks like an attempt to protect market share.
For now, negotiations continue. There is still political appetite in Washington to pass comprehensive crypto legislation, especially as digital asset markets remain a significant part of the financial system.
But unless lawmakers can thread the needle between stability concerns and competitive fairness, stablecoin yield could remain the issue that stalls everything else.
And that leaves an uncomfortable reality.
If the United States cannot decide whether digital dollars are allowed to earn a return, the market may decide elsewhere.


MrBeast has never been subtle about scale. Giveaways get bigger, productions get more expensive, audiences get larger. So when Jimmy Donaldson starts drifting into financial services, it is probably worth paying attention.
Quietly, through his company Beast Industries, MrBeast has acquired Step, a mobile banking app aimed mostly at teenagers and young adults. On its own, that might look like a straightforward fintech acquisition. But paired with recent trademark filings tied to crypto and digital finance and a $200 million investment from Tom Lee's Ethereum investment company, Bitmine Immersion Technologies, it starts to look like something more deliberate.
Step is not a household name, but in fintech circles it has been around for a while. The app was built to help younger users manage money early, offering basic banking features, debit cards, and tools meant to make finance feel less intimidating.
Like many consumer fintech startups, Step grew fast when money was cheap and slowed when markets tightened. That made it a candidate for acquisition, especially by a company with a built-in distribution engine the size of MrBeast’s audience.
For Beast Industries, Step is a shortcut. It already has users, regulatory relationships, and a working product. MrBeast does not have to start from zero or ask people to trust a brand new financial app. He is buying something real and then putting his brand behind it.
That is a very different approach from the usual influencer playbook.
So far, there is no MrBeast token, no flashy crypto launch, no giveaways tied to wallets or NFTs. That is probably intentional.
Instead, trademark filings for “MrBeast Financial” outline a much broader vision. Banking, payments, investing, crypto trading, even decentralized finance concepts are all on the table. It reads less like a meme project and more like a blueprint for a full financial platform.
If this eventually launches, crypto would likely sit alongside traditional services rather than replace them. Think less about hype cycles and more about gradual exposure. Users open an account, use it like a normal banking app, and over time gain access to digital assets in a familiar environment.
Given how badly celebrity crypto projects have burned users in the past, that restraint may be the smartest part of the strategy.
MrBeast’s audience is young, global, and extremely online. Many of them have never walked into a bank branch. They are comfortable with apps, digital payments, and online money, even if they are still figuring out how finance works.
That overlap with Step’s original target market is almost too neat.
There is also the education angle. MrBeast has built an entire career on making people pay attention to things they normally would not. Financial literacy is not exciting. But challenges, rewards, and gamified learning are very much his lane.
If anyone can make budgeting or saving feel like content instead of homework, it is probably him.
Of course, finance is not YouTube.
Banking and crypto both come with heavy regulatory baggage. Expanding Step into something larger would require licenses, compliance teams, partners, and patience. Crypto adds another layer of scrutiny, especially in the US, where regulators are still defining the rules in real time.
Trademark filings do not guarantee execution. Plenty of companies file broadly and never ship half of what they outline.
Still, the direction is hard to ignore. This is not a casual experiment. Buying a banking app is a commitment.
If MrBeast follows through, this could change how crypto reaches mainstream users. Not through exchanges or speculation, but through everyday financial tools tied to a brand people already trust.
It also hints at where the creator economy might be heading next. After ads, merch, food brands, and mobile services, financial products may be the next frontier. They are harder to build, harder to regulate, and much harder to unwind.
Which may be exactly why someone like MrBeast is interested.
For now, there are more questions than answers. No launch dates, no confirmed features, no official crypto roadmap. But the pieces are starting to line up.
MrBeast is stepping into finance, and if he is anything like his past ventures, this will not stay small for long.