The California Senate and Assembly have unanimously passed a bill that would restrict public officeholders from issuing memecoin tokens.

 

The bill, coded AB 2409, was introduced by Assemblymember Avelino Valencia on February 20 this year. It passed the California Senate with a 40-0 vote and the Assembly with a 78-0 vote.

 

By passing the bill, California lawmakers aim to prevent public officials from using the authority bestowed upon them by virtue of their public positions for personal gain. The bill states that all public officeholders are to exercise their authority solely for the benefit of the people of California.

 

The bill further states that the issuance or promotion of financial instruments, including memecoins, could undermine public confidence in government and create opportunities for conflicts of interest and pay-to-play arrangements. These arrangements could potentially be exploited by foreign elements seeking to interfere in the affairs of the state.

 

Although the bill has been passed by lawmakers, enforcement will begin on January 1, 2027. From that date onward, digital asset providers will be prohibited from listing for sale any memecoin linked to a public official or facilitating the purchase of such memecoins by California residents.

 

To enable enforcement, the bill allows the California attorney general, a district attorney, city attorney, or county counsel to file a civil action against any digital asset service provider.

 

TRUMP Coin as a Case in Point 

 

Although the TRUMP memecoin profited a relatively small group of people, the losses it caused investors were significant, with approximately $3.2 billion to $3.81 billion in realized and unrealized losses recorded.

 

According to The New York Times, two-thirds of investors who purchased the TRUMP token ended up underwater, with Nansen projecting that about 988,900 to 1 million wallets out of roughly 1.6 million total wallets were in the red. 

 

Eric Halem, a former Los Angeles Police Department officer, has been found guilty of kidnapping a 17-year-old and stealing $350,000 worth of crypto after invading his home in 2024.

 

Halem, who served with the LAPD for 13 years but retired in 2022, was said to have illegally invaded the home of the teen, named Daniel, alongside three co-conspirators.

 

Upon gaining entrance into the teen's home under the guise of carrying out a search warrant, Halem subdued both the teen and his girlfriend, threatening to shoot him if he didn't hand over a hard drive containing Bitcoin. Apparently, the teen did have a significant amount of crypto.

 

Although Halem has been found guilty by the court, his sentencing is scheduled for March 31. And since he's been tried for kidnapping and robbery, which fall under California's aggravated statutes, Halem risks spending a long time in prison.

 

 

The Rise of Wrench Attacks

A wrench attack, also known as the $5 wrench attack, involves physical threats or violence to force a person to hand over their crypto private keys.

 

There has been an increase in the number of wrench attacks within the last few years. According to a 2025 security report from blockchain security firm CertiK, there were 72 recorded incidents of wrench attacks, a 75% increase from 2024.

 

     

 

Certik also reported a loss of more than $40.9 million from these attacks, with Europe accounting for 40% of these attacks worldwide, and kidnapping being the most common method used by assailants.

 

Jameson Lopp, Co-founder and Chief Security Officer of crypto security firm Casa Inc, has also been documenting these crypto wrench attacks from 2014 to date in a GitHub repository named "physical-bitcoin-attacks."

 

Based on tracked incidents in the GitHub repo, there have been 16 documented crypto-wrench attack cases this year alone, with France recording the most cases, with kidnapping being the most common method used by attackers.